NIL Representation

Name, Image and Likeness Representation

Given the tax and immigration services our firm provides, we offer a unique insight into NIL for not only U.S. citizens but also for foreign students and athletes. NIL stands for Name, Image, and Likeness. It refers to the right of athletes (especially student-athletes in the U.S.) to earn money from their personal brand while still maintaining amateur status in college sports.

• Name → using their name in promotions (e.g., "Bob Smith Football Camp")
• Image → photos, videos, or likeness used in advertisements or endorsements
• Likeness → broader representations, like avatars in video games, autographs, or merchandise with their persona



Student-athletes can now:

• Sign endorsement deals with brands (athletic shoes, sports drinks, local businesses, etc.)
• Get paid for social media posts
• Run camps/clinics in their own name
• Sell autographs or personal merchandise

U.S. citizen student-athletes can freely participate as long as they comply with NCAA rules and school/state laws.

What about student athletes that are NOT U.S. citizens?

Most foreign student-athletes in the U.S. are on F-1 student visas.

• F-1 restrictions: Students can’t legally “work” off-campus except in very narrow, pre-approved ways (like CPT or OPT, tied to their field of study).
• NIL income usually counts as unauthorized employment under immigration law, because it’s independent commercial activity (endorsements, appearances, running a business).
• Violation could lead to loss of visa status or deportation.

Our firm can guide you through the NIL process from athlete representation, tax consequences and filings, and options for foreign students. Reach out to us for more information.